174,175 Several oncogenic mechanisms, such as the transcription factor HIF-1, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and c-Myc, upregulate genes encoding glucose transporters and glycolytic proteins, including GLUT1, GLUT3, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
The substantial barriers to access to GLP-1s reflect existing inequities and poor alignment of incentives in our healthcare system, says study coauthor Katherine Hempstead, senior policy officer at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
The effect of probiotics on weight management in patients with severe obesity undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
There have been reports of counterfeit products, inconsistent dosing and a lack of proper follow up care
What the data shows: REDEFINE-1 (obesity without diabetes): 22.7% average weight loss vs 2.3% placebo | 91.9% achieved 5% weight loss REDEFINE-2 (type 2 diabetes + obesity): 14-16% weight loss sustained over 68 weeks Consistent GLP-1 class safety profile with potential for fewer GI side effects due to amylin co-agonism What this means for practice: This isn't just another weight-loss drugit's addressing the mechanistic gap in dual-pathway therapy
Another effect of decreased GI motility is reflux, or GERD