As you age, your body naturally makes less stomach acid and intrinsic factor
Pernicious anemia is a condition that happens when the body doesn't make enough red blood cells because the intestine cannot absorb enough vitamin B 12
This timeline matches B12 pharmacokinetics: intramuscular methylcobalamin reaches peak serum concentration at 8-12 hours, but tissue saturation (particularly in the liver and nervous system) occurs over 48-72 hours as the vitamin is transported into cells and converted to active coenzyme forms (Andrs et al., 2018)
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This vitamin exists in several forms, and because it contains a bit of a mineral called cobalt, the compounds within vitamin B12 are often referred to as cobalamins
It is considered by some to be a first line treatment in rheumatoid arthritis