Things like aging, certain health conditions, or even some medications can make it difficult for your body to use the B12 from your food
doi: 10.1271/bbb.80421 400 GasparriniMForbes-HernandezTYAfrinSReboredo-RodriguezPCianciosiDMezzettiBet al
The nuance is that the body synthesizes carnitine and most people have adequate baseline carnitine levels from dietary intake (primarily from red meat) the supplemental benefit is most pronounced in vegetarians and vegans (who have significantly lower dietary carnitine intake), older adults (whose carnitine synthesis declines with age), athletes in high-volume training (who deplete carnitine more rapidly), and anyone in a caloric deficit where fatty acid oxidation demand is elevated relative to carnitine availability.
Ultimately, GLP-1RAs enhance insulin excretion, leading to the inhibition of glucagon production by pancreatic -cells when blood sugar levels are high as well as a decrease of pancreatic -cell apoptosis and an increase in their proliferation
Reduction of insulin resistance is an outcome
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